Runways are categorized based on which of the following factors?

Runways are categorized based on the longest airplane they accommodate and the capabilities of the Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) stations. This classification is essential because it directly affects safety measures and operational procedures at the airport. A runway designed for larger aircraft must have specific dimensions, surface strength, and safety features to ensure it can handle the size and weight of those planes. Additionally, ARFF stations must have resources and capabilities tailored to respond to incidents involving the largest aircraft that use the airport. This includes considerations like fire truck access, equipment size, and personnel training.

Understanding these factors is crucial for effective airport operations and emergency response planning, ensuring that safety is prioritized based on the characteristics of aircraft that utilize the runways.